Great Lakes Author
J. L. Panagopoulos
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  • Home
  • Lesson Plans
    • Teaching Guides
    • Cool Educational Links for Teachers
    • Research: Passport to History MRA handout
    • Appomattox Courthouse
    • John Brown at Harper's Ferry
    • Fredericksburg
    • Bridging History: Mackinac Island
    • De-Mystifying the Writing Process
    • Journey Back to Lumberjack Camp Vocabulary Lesson
    • Traders in Time Vocabulary Lesson
  • Programs
    • Top Reasons to use Books by JL Panagopoulos in your Classroom
  • Research
    • Historical Research
    • Bibliography
    • Historical Chronology
    • What are Sources?
    • Google Earth Files
    • DIY Google Earth
    • Videos
    • Lumbering Background and Links
    • Research Links
  • Writing Fun!
    • Special Event: Kaleidoscope Authors
    • Train to Midnight Rap
    • Writing Tip
    • Grandma's Grammar
    • Students Writing: Write a Story!
    • Editing
    • Be a Wordsmith and Collect Words
    • 7 Words of Communication
    • Our Favorite Things!
    • Graphic Organizer: Create You Own!
    • The History of Language
    • Write a Haiku
    • Collect
    • Ebooks by JL Panagopoulos
  • Janie Lynn Panagpoulos
    • NEWS
    • J. L. Panagopoulos Bio
    • From the Writer's Desk Blog
    • Contact
    • Interview With J.L. Panagopoulos
  • River Road Publications
    • Journey Back to Lumberjack Camp
    • Mark of the Bear Claw
    • North to Iron Country
    • Erie Trail West
    • Calling the Griffin
    • A Faraway Home: An Orphan Train Story
    • Train to Midnight
    • A Place Called Home: Michigan's Mill Creek Story
    • Castle at the Straits: History of the Inhabitants of the Straits of Mackinac
    • Little Ship Under Full Sail: An Adventure in History
    • Traders in Time: A Dream-Quest Adventure
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Bridging History: A Mackinac Island Story
Lesson Plan
 
Digital Field Trips: Trips in Time with Janie Lynn Panagopoulos©
Bridging History: Mackinac Island
Lesson Plan
Subject
Mackinac Island, Michigan

Object and Goal

•  Students will become familiar with the visual and historical location of Mackinac Island, Michigan.
•  Students will gain historical knowledge of Mackinac Island, Michigan.

Vocabulary
Annisnabeeg
British
ecologist
environment
explorers
French
fur
fur traders
Great Lakes
Georgian Bay
Indians
Metis
Woodland Indians

 Anticipatory Set (30 minutes)
•  Briefly explain what this lesson is about.
•  Ask students to define their understanding of the fur trade.
•  Ask students if they are familiar with the name or location of Mackinac Island, Michigan (Show Michigan map and location of the Great Lakes.)

 Direct Instructions:
Summary

Since the beginning of, known, time, Mackinac has been a place of environmental balance. First providing protected fishing grounds for the Annisnabeeg, and a safe hiding place for the Odawa.  In 1615, the first French explorers found their way from Canada, into the Great Lakes via the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa rivers. 

Explorers and Priests, LaSalle, Hennepin, Cadillac, Father Marquette, and Joliet all visited Mackinac Island, while the French fur trade flourished.  By the 1700s, British fur traders made their way into the Great Lakes and up to Mackinac.  Shortly after the French and Indian War, the British took control of the Straits of Mackinac and in 1780 began the plans for Fort Mackinac.

The fur trade continued under British control until after the American Revolution and War of 1812.  In 1815, the Treaty of Ghent forced the British from the Island, as it had now become American soil and part of the Northwest Territory. In the same year, John Jacob Astor formed the American Fur Trade Company.

 In 1875, Mackinac Island became the second National Park (Yellowstone being first), in the Nation.  The National Park was disbanded in 1895, and all Federal property was given to the state of Michigan forming Michigan’s first state park.

View Straits of Mackinac Timeline at www.jlpanagopoulos.com

Guided Practice (60 minutes)
•  Have students view Digital Field Trips: Bridging History: Mackinac Island Story.
•  Discuss the video
•  View again, if necessary, to look for different pieces of information.
•  What did students notice, while looking at a map, the location of Mackinac Island?
•  View primary source documents and web sites, concerning the Island and the fur trade.

 Independent Practice
Closure
•  Ask students:

1.    What bodies of water are on either side of the Straits of Mackinac?
2.    Have Native Americans always visited or lived on Mackinac Island?
3.    Do Native Americans still live on Mackinac Island?
4.    Did the Native Americans get along better with the French or the British?
5.    What do they call a child who is part French and part Native American?
6.    Is Mackinac Island currently a National Park or a State Park?
 Links
Fur Trade in the Great Lakes: http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/founders/sitec23.htm
Mackinac Island State Park: http://www.mackinacparks.com/mackinac-island-state-park/

Books
A Place Called Home: A Mill Creek Story, by Janie Lynn Panagopoulos
Mark of the Bear Claw, (Pontiac’s Rebellion in Michigan) by Janie Lynn Panagopoulos
Traders in Time: A Dream Quest Adventure, (fur trade) by Janie Lynn Panagopoulos
ORDER BOOKS At: River Road Publications: riverroadpublications.com




Straits of Mackinac Timeline
Compiled by Janie Lynn Panagopoulos©
14,000     Glaciers retreated from the Straits
10,000     First known Native America’s live in the Straits

1634        Fur trading began in the Great Lakes

1641        First French Missionary, Fr. Raymbault, est. mission at St. Ignace

1650        Iroquois chase Hurons & Ottawa from Georgian Bay to Mackinac

1653        Iroquois warriors chase Hurons through the Straits

1665        First Jesuit, Father Allouez visits Mackinac Island

1666        Iroquois defeated at Pt. Iroquois

1670        Father Marquette and Father Dablo built Mackinac Island mission - 
 First mention of Michilimackinac in Europe by Fr. Allouez
1671        Mission at St. Ignace established

1671-73   Father Marquette priest at the Straits

1672        Joliet arrives at Mission of St. Ignace to explore with Marquette
1672-73   Joliet and Marquette leave St. Ignace to Wisconsin River
1673-83   Father Pierson priest at the Straits

1673-83   Father Nouvel priest at the Straits

1675        Father Marquette dies along Lake Michigan

1683-86   Father Potier priest at the Straits

1677        Father Enjalran priest at the Straits

1678        Fort built at St. Ignace to protect the fur trade

1679        LaSalle’s ship the Griffin arrives at St. Ignace

1680-81   Father Hennepin priest at the Straits - 
 Father Carheil priest at the Straits          
1683        Father Bailloquet priest at the Straits - 
Fur trade cut off by raiding Iroquois
1685        Michilimackinac made military center of Northwest

1688-’06  Father Marest priest at the Straits

1690        Cadillac builds Fort DuBaude at St. Ignace

1690        Local Indians persuaded not to side with English & Iroquois

1694        Cadillac made commander at Fort DuBaude

1700        Mission church at St. Ignace destroyed by fire

1701        Cadillac moves soldiers from St. Ignace and founds Detroit

1705        Jesuits abandon the Mission at St. Ignace

1714-15   French build Fort Michilimackinac and Mission established there

1754-61   French and Indian War, British take control of the Straits

1761        Ezekiel Solomon first Jewish person to live in Michigan arrives

1763        Ft. Michilimackinac in connection with Pontiac’s Rebellion

1764        British return to Michilimackinac

1765-68   Maj. Rogers command Ft. Michilimackinac

1774-79    Maj. De Peyster commandant at Michilimackinac    

1776         American Revolution begins

1779-1781  Ft. Michilimackinac burned and fort moves to Mackinac Island

1779        Lieut.-Gov. Sinclair arrives at Mackinac

1780        Robert Campbell builds Mill Creek to help build island fort - 
Old Chapel from Michilimackinac taken to Island, Astor Street
1781       Indians sold Mackinac Island to British for 5,000 pounds  - 
Madame LaFramboise born
1783        American Revolution ends 
 - English refuse to leave Fort Mackinac
1787       Northwest Territory Organized

1789       George Washington President

1795       English leave Fort Mackinac

1796       Fort Mackinac turned over to American forces

1797       John Adams President

1801       Thomas Jefferson President

1802       Rev. Bacon at Mackinac, first Protestant to preach on the island

1809       James Madison President - 
American Fur Co. est.
1812       War of 1812, British capture island and fort
1814       American’s defeated while trying to take back Mackinac Island

1815       End of War of 1812, Treaty of Ghent returns for to the  U.S.

1817       James Monroe President

1819       Stuart manages the American Fur Co. on Island
1822       Alexis St. Martin shot and saved by Dr. Beaumont
1823       First Protestant Mission est. on Mackinac Island Ferry

1825       John Quincy Adams President

1825       First Protestant Mission school est. on the Island

1829       Andrew Jackson President

1830       Fishing replaces the fur trade as resource business

1831       Mission Church built and dedicated

1833       Schoolcraft becomes Indian ages for U.S. on Mackinac Island

1834       Rev. Ferry leaves Mission on Mackinac Island to Grand Haven - 
Ramsay Crook becomes President of the American Fur 
1837       Martin Van Buren President

1841       William Henry Harrison President

1841       John Tyler President

1842       St. Andrews Parish starts on the Island

1845       James K. Polk President

1846       Madame LaFramboise dies April 4th.

1849       Zachary Taylor President

1850       Millard Fillmore President

1853       Franklin Pierce President

1857       James Buchanan

1861       Abraham Lincoln President - 
Civil War begins and soldiers at Ft. Mackinac leave to fight
1865       Andrew Johnson President

1866       Tourists begin to visit Mackinac Island

1869        Ulysses S. Grant President

1875       Mackinac National Park created, second in the Nation

1877       Rutherford B. Hayes President

1881       James A. Garfield President 
Chester A. Arthur V. President - Passenger ferry service est. to Mackinac Island
1882       County Seat transferred from Mackinac Island to St. Ignace

1883       Telegraph est. between Mackinac Island and St. Ignace

1885       Grover Cleveland President

1887       Grand Hotel built

1888       Railroad transfer steamer “St. Ignace” arrives in Mackinac

1889       Benjamin Harrison President

1893       Grover Cleveland President, again!

1894       Old Mission Church repaired and restored

1894       Soldiers leave Fort Mackinac for the last time

1895       Fort Mackinac becomes Mackinac State Park 
State Park Commission controls 95% of Mackinac Island
1895       William McKinley President

1957       Mackinaw Bridge built

 
 
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